How can labeling impact an individual's behavior according to labeling theory?

Labeling theory posits that the labels applied to individuals, particularly those labeled as "deviant" or "criminal," can significantly impact their self-identity and behavior. When a person is labeled in negative terms, such as a "criminal," they may internalize that label, adopting it as part of their identity. This internalization can lead to changes in behavior that are consistent with the label, as individuals may believe that they must act in accordance with the expectations associated with that label.

For instance, if someone is labeled as a delinquent, they might start to see themselves as such, which could lead them to engage more in delinquent behavior. This reflects a self-fulfilling prophecy, where the individual’s perception of themselves, shaped by societal labels, drives them to act in ways that confirm those labels.

In contrast, some of the other options do not accurately represent the implications of labeling theory. For example, suggesting that labeling promotes understanding and support contrasts with the core notion that labels can stigmatize and isolate individuals. Similarly, stating that labeling has no impact overlooks the significant psychological and social consequences that labels can impose. Lastly, the idea that labeling encourages positive reinforcement fails to acknowledge the potential for negative outcomes associated with being