In the context of the 'lower class boy' and 'middle class measuring rod' theory, what is the primary expectation placed on lower-class boys?

The primary expectation placed on lower-class boys, within the framework of the 'lower class boy' and 'middle class measuring rod' theory, is to meet middle class standards. This theory, developed by Albert K. Cohen, suggests that societal expectations are heavily influenced by middle-class norms and values, which serve as a "measuring rod" for success and behavior. Lower-class boys often find themselves in a position where they are expected to achieve the same academic and social success levels as their middle-class peers, despite facing different socioeconomic challenges.

When these boys are unable to meet these standards—due to various systemic obstacles—feelings of inadequacy and frustration may arise, leading to delinquent behavior as a means of coping or resistance. Therefore, the core of the expectation is not just a wish for conformity, but a reflection of a societal measuring stick that assumes all youth should strive for the same benchmarks of success, regardless of their background. This expectation can contribute to feelings of failure and alienation, thus affecting their pathways and choices as they navigate their social environments.