What does general deterrence aim to achieve?

General deterrence is a concept in criminology that focuses on preventing crime by the use of the threat of punishment. Its primary goal is to discourage the general public from engaging in criminal behavior by making an example of those who are punished for their offenses.

Choosing the option that reflects this understanding, the correct aim of general deterrence is to instill a fear of punishment in law-abiding individuals, thereby discouraging them from committing crimes. By demonstrating the consequences of criminal behavior, it encourages individuals to abide by the law out of fear of possible legal repercussions.

The other options do not align with the fundamental purpose of general deterrence. While severe punishments can be a component of general deterrence, the focus is not solely on the severity of punishment. Additionally, general deterrence does not primarily aim to rehabilitate offenders or prevent all types of crime; instead, it seeks to create a societal norm against criminal behavior through the collective awareness of the consequences of crime. Therefore, the correct answer highlights the role of fear in maintaining law-abiding behavior within the general population.