Which of the following are major theories of crime?

The selection of biological, psychological, and sociological theories as major theories of crime is well-founded within criminological studies. These theories offer comprehensive frameworks for understanding the root causes and motivations behind criminal behavior.

Biological theories explore the influence of genetics, neurophysiology, and heredity on behavior, suggesting that inherent physiological factors may predispose individuals to criminality. This approach examines how biological traits can influence a person's propensity for engaging in criminal acts.

Psychological theories focus on individual mental processes and behaviors, considering how personality traits, mental health issues, and cognitive development can shape a person’s likelihood of committing crimes. This perspective emphasizes the importance of understanding the psychological state of individuals to comprehend why they may engage in criminal behavior.

Sociological theories, on the other hand, investigate how societal structures, relationships, and cultural norms contribute to crime. They look into factors such as poverty, peer influence, and social disorganization, which can foster environments conducive to criminal activity.

In contrast, the other options provided do not encompass the core criminological theories in a conventional sense. Theories listed in the alternative responses either delve into more specific aspects of crime or law and do not primarily focus on the foundational frameworks that drive criminological thought.